Comparative Analysis of Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) Across Solar Cycles 23 And 24

Onuchukwu CC and Umuogbana AO

Published on: 2024-12-28

Abstract

The research uses some CME parameters to present a comprehensive and comparative analysis of Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) variability across Solar Cycles (SCs) 23 and 24. We examined their relationship with their corresponding solar activity indicator – the sunspot numbers (SSNs). Our findings reveal that CME characteristics for cycle 24 show less pronounced instability and variability which could be attributed to its weakness as reviewed by their solar activity metrics (sunspot numbers (SSNs), sunspot area in the Northern Hemisphere (SSANH), and sunspot area in the Southern Hemisphere (SSASH) ). The stronger correlations observed in SCs 23 and 24 between CME parameters such as linear speed, mass, angular width, kinetic energy, and solar activity parameters (SSNs, SSANH, SSASH) suggest more predictable CME behavior influenced by solar activities. This research bridges gaps in understanding CME characteristics and provides valuable insights for modeling their propagation during a magnetic solar cycle.