The modern paradigm of dealing with and mastering the physical deconditioning of astronauts caused by the low levels of gravity, i.e. microgravity and the levels of gravity in the so-called hyper gravity phenomena, is actually counteracting the consequences of return from microgravity or partial gravity environment to Earth's gravity.

In this article, I propose a different paradigm of the situation in question. The new paradigm expands the concept of counteraction. In this sense, our efforts should be directed towards managing the states of physical deconditioning of astronauts by training their bodies to use levels of gravity that are different from Earth’s gravity level. This training of the astronauts’ body, in the conditions of low Earth orbit or on the ground, aims to restore naturally occurring or artificially modeled manifestations of physical deconditioning. These controlled and reversible manifestations of physical deconditioning of the cosmonauts are part of the training of their bodies and are organized in the form of educational and training lessons.

According to the new paradigm and the methodology of general medicine and physiotherapy, these training gravity levels, so-called educational and training lessons, are variants of a new healing and restorative, reformed, physical factor of the Environment (i.e. planetary factor). The so-called gravitational preformed factor (GPF) is described in detail in the article “Preformed Gravitational Factor and Electromagnetic Processes and Phenomena in and Around the Human Body in Dr. Kanev's Healing Method: Relevance and Perspectives of Physiotherapy and Space Medicine”.

When gravity levels are applied to the damaged or physically deconditioned human body as an external, preformed, physical, physiotherapeutic factor, their impact causes reactive responses from the structures and functions of the body to a known stimulus. Responses can be both physiological and pathological – i.e. lacking adaptive processes.

In order to enhance the physiological responses and compensate for a possible insufficiency of the adaptive processes, another preformed factor of the planetary environment can be applied simultaneously with the GPF application. For example, the electromagnetic field can be used, which is external to the organism, preformed, physical factor of the geomagnetic field with its variations from cosmic influences. This is possible thanks to the body's aspiration to make the most of the Environment and its own resources to carry out its normal life functions. The choice of the artificial, external, electromagnetic field is determined by the established frequent synergistic responses of the damaged or physically deconditioned body to this reformed electromagnetic field in relation to the body’s own internal life processes. This selected and medically manipulated state of the human body described here will also be called an electromagnetically satisfied body.

Through the new paradigm described so far, I have developed my method for body-training, homeostasis-based healing and restoration of a damaged or physically deconditioned human body (in short - the problematic body), as well as the technology that implements it. The ultimate goals of my method and technology are for the problematic body to more fully utilize the potential of its reactivity in conditions of microgravity and artificial gravity with the simultaneous use of a preformed electromagnetic factor. The intermediate, work and training goals are universalization and optimization of the manifestations of the reactivity of the problematic body.

To achieve all the goals above, the electromagnetically satisfied problematic body is repeatedly, cyclically and periodically placed in sequential and synchronized microgravity, geo gravity and artificial gravity conditions. These dynamically changing gravitational conditions accordingly dynamically change the limits of the body's homeostasis within them - i.e. they change their width differently. In the dynamics of the width of the limits of homeostasis, the body's need for preformed electromagnetic field increases. Therefore, by simultaneously applying artificial external electromagnetic influence, this need of the problematic body is satisfied. It is where gravity-dependent, antigravity and electromagnetically reactive phenomena occur and as a result physiological, adaptive responses develop within the expanded limits of homeostasis – both general and local. This is how the problematic body is trained through training in different gravitational and preformed electromagnetic conditions.

These phenomena and responses are created and developed gradually over the course of training. At first, only separate, unrelated metabolic fluctuations and functional oscillations occur. After a long time, as a result of the fluctuations and oscillations that occur in parallel with them and the memory and bodily processes, completed and full-fledged phenomena and responses of the recovering, problematic body occur. As the final result and ultimate goal of training, these full-fledged phenomena and adaptive responses are consolidated in the long term in the structures and functions of training and are already self-learning and recovering problematic body. Thus, after completing the training, the recovering body will have developed reactivity within adapted and dynamic homeostasis limits, described in more detail in section 6. This means that the already recovered body will be able to perform its physiological vital activity both in the conditions of the gravity levels used during training, and in real space conditions.

Conceptual and practical development of Dr. Kanev's method from a method of treating civilian patients with ground pathology to a method of complex restoration of physical fitness in astronauts. The restoration of the physical condition of astronauts is in ground conditions, in space and during the transitions between them. Development of the method also in the treatment of diseases and conditions after traumas of astronauts in ground conditions, in space and during transitions between them.

Section 1

Stages of the Development of Dr. Kanev's Method and a Brief Description of the Stages

• Application of Dr. Kanev's method and the relevant technology for body-training, homeostasis-based healing in civilian patients and astronauts with ground pathology. Treatment of diseases and post-traumatic conditions of civilian patients and astronaut patients in ground conditions using this method.
• Upcoming application of the method and unification of the technology in complex restoration of the physical condition of astronauts during sleep, rest and wakefulness, in ground conditions.

Method and Technology Application in Perspective

• Maintaining fitness or making adjustments as necessary in space conditions for astronauts previously trained in ground conditions.
• Restoring the fitness of astronauts upon their return from space to Earth.
• Treatment of diseases and post-traumatic conditions of astronaut patients in space according to Dr. Kanev's method. It is recommended that astronauts undergo prior preparation training according to Dr. Kanev's method in ground conditions to increase the adaptability of their fitness. This preliminary preparation will be beneficial in case of any health incidents with the astronauts.

Section 2

Definition and Essence of Dr. Kanev's Method of Body-Training, Homeostasis-Based Healing “Lectionem Homeostasis Human Corpore” Dr. Kanev's method of body-training, homeostasis-based healing is developed on the basis of the following biological concept – the improvement of current homeostasis is the reason for the body's transition to new modes of work and life activity. As a result, the body correspondingly and symmetrically changes and develops its structures and functions.

The method consists of medical changes to the current limits of the general and local homeostasis in the damaged or extremely physiologically changed human body. These medical changes are controlled, systematically cyclical, both normal and abnormal.

The goals and objectives of the use of medically induced homeostatic changes are training of the problematic body. Simultaneously with the described medical changes, at the levels and regions of homeostasis that are significant for the problematic of the body, homeostasis-based training of certain structural and functional formations and systems of this body is carried out. These are those tissues, organs and systems of the body that are under the direct regulation of the respective homeostatic mechanisms.

The homeostasis-based training is aimed at achieving adequate, adaptive manifestations of the specified structures and functions of the problematic body and improving the previously active local and general homeostasis. Achieving the goals of homeostasis-based training is possible due to the presence and active interaction with the natural, general biological self-training processes.

In the created composition of fundamental, biological phenomena and targeted medical activities described so far, an enhancement of the phylo- and ontogenetically determined absorption and use of biologically acceptable electromagnetic fields by the homeostasis-trained problematic body is established. In most cases, providing such electromagnetic fields in and around the homeostasis-training problematic body is crucial to achieving the most favorable biological and medical outcomes. Therefore, it is necessary that the medical activities under Dr. Kanev's method, throughout their duration and throughout all their stages, include controlled use of preformed, planetary, electromagnetic fields. In medical practice, these electromagnetic fields are known as types of physical, physiotherapeutic factors.

Section 3

Main driving reasons for the conceptual and practical development of Dr. Kanev's method from a method of treating ground pathology to a method of complex restoration of physical fitness and treatment in ground and space conditions. The main driving reasons are: the development of the GPF and the development of the electromagnetic preformed physical factor.

The development of the method is mainly determined by the numerous variants of the GPF – including both low levels of gravity (below 1G) and levels of gravity higher than the level of Earth’s gravity. For the artificial creation of variations of the gravitational factor, numerous designs and technical solutions of the so-called ground models of weightlessness simulators (resp. microgravity) and artificial gravity facilities (including hyper gravity) are used.

The variant GPF manifestations (corresponding to the different levels of gravity mentioned above in the introduction) are diverse and numerous. This is because the technology used to create each variant manifestation is chosen specifically for it. Moreover, the characteristic specific engineering designs of the facilities that generate the variant manifestations can be applied SUCCESSFULLY only on a limited number of anatomical areas of the electromagnetic satisfaction body. Some of the variant manifestations are more universal, i.e. have a wider scope. Thus, each variant manifestation of the group of the GPF manifestations considered here is created using its own specific technology and engineering design. This is described in the Classification in Section 8.

The parallel, simultaneous and synchronous use of the electromagnetic preformed physical factor with GPF in Dr. Kanev's method definitively determines the effectiveness and significance of this method. The technical characteristics and technical designs creating the GPF do not change significantly by the addition of the electromagnetic modular technical components generating the electromagnetic preformed factor. These electromagnetic technical components are largely unified and are only adapted with minor adaptive additions to the technical facilities creating the variants of the GPF [1,2].

Section 4

Technologies of medical changes to the currently active limits of the general and local homeostasis in the damaged or in the extremely physiologically changed problematic, electromagnetically satisfied human body.

The medically controlled changes to the currently active homeostasis are TRAINING (See the Practical Guidelines for the medical training team below) and therefore repeatedly occur, and according to the characteristics of the damage and the extreme physiological states of the problematic, electromagnetically satisfied body, these changes are performed using different technologies.

• For example, the use of the technology of intermittent occlusion-reperfusion of the regional blood circulation is according to the localization of the damage - cuff occlusions-reperfusions are performed at accessible places on the limbs of the problematic, electromagnetically satisfied body [3, 4].
• Other exemplary technologies for achieving medical, controlled changes to the active homeostasis of the problematic body above, again for training purposes, are:
• ?/ The purposeful repeated placement of the electromagnetically satisfied body and conducting the treatment according to the body-training method in a selected and controlled, unusual external to the problematic body environment by cyclically placing it into and out of it; ?/ The periodic and cyclic placement of the problematic, electromagnetically satisfied body in simulated extreme external conditions and its removal out of them – for example, ground models of weightlessness simulators, ground models of artificial gravity simulators, hyperbaric or hypobaric chambers, etc. [5,6].
• Specifically specialized technology through artificially induced fluctuations of certain, significant homeostasis limits (through chemical or physical effects external to the problematic, electromagnetically satisfied body and arranged manipulations) of hormonal levels of the Neuro-hormonal and humeral-hormonal homeostasis – e.g., target doses of insulin, triiodothyronine, etc.
• Specifically specialized technology through artificially induced fluctuations of certain, significant homeostasis limits (through external physical or chemical influences and arranged manipulations on and in the problematic, electromagnetically satisfied body) in the metabolic substrate levels of gas exchange or other metabolic homeostasis chains.
• Future expansion of the technologies for normal and abnormal changes in the homeostatic boundaries.

Section 5

Training Mechanism Homeostasis-Based Lessons

The technology by which changes in homeostasis are induced – the expansion of its limits, as well as the changes in the homeostasis themselves – constitute the training mechanism. Accordingly, all the changes mentioned above are followed by autogenic adjustments that the problematic body make of its functions and structures. These autogenic adjustments represent the homeostasis-based lessons of the training.

The homeostasis-based lessons are developed by the problematic body and are objectively manifested as a chronological series of temporary states of its structures and functions. Due to the expanded homeostasis limits, the immediate positive results achieved are significantly higher than the effectiveness of the same problematic body before the training.

Although temporary, with sufficiently long training time, these training structural-functional states are better body solutions. Therefore, these training states of the problematic body achieve higher positive results both at the site of the injury and in adjacent and distant functioning structures related to the injury.

Section 6

Role of self-training of the problematic body: The problematic body consolidates the positive results achieved from its training in its long-term memory, in the form of improved functioning structure. Also, according to its improvements, the body adapts the dynamics of the limits of its homeostasis.

In parallel with the body-training, healing and restorative training of physical fitness according to Dr. Kanev’s method described here, natural self-training processes occur in the problematic body. The body self-training is a life-defining, general biological phenomenon.

The role of the self-training of the problematic body is to select, remember and consolidate the temporary, homeostasis-based, training structural-functional states in which it achieves the most optimal and satisfying positive results. Furthermore, the role of the self-training of the problematic body also includes adapting the dynamics of its homeostasis limits in accordance with its selected and reinforced advanced functions and structures.

Section 7

Practical, specific application of the method, according to the characteristics of the injuries and diseases of civil patients and astronauts, i.e. in ground pathology – the application of the method is carried out with the help of specialized "Practical Guidelines" according to the nosological units and groups.

The treatment of injuries and diseases of different nosological units and groups with the described method uses different homeostasis-based lessons, which however correspond to the specific damage. These lessons are connected into a single medical training course. The specific features of medical training devices; the need for medical equipment and technology; the necessary basic and auxiliary medical manipulations; the organization and technology of conducting a full treatment course of specialized homeostasis-based lessons for each nosological unit or group of nosological units are described in separate "Practical Guidelines"(see the content of different guidelines in the articles: “A New Unique Magnetic Treatment Method in Physiotherapy for Body-educational Healing: Observations on Algodystrophy of a Knee Joint“, “Scope of Dr. Kanev's Magnetic Treatment Method for Body-educational Healing: Application of the Method to Treat Benign Hypertrophy of the Prostate Gland using Physiotherapy Weightlessness and Gravity Simulator”, “Dr. Kanev’s Magnetic Treatment Method for Body-Educational Healing in Sports Medicine – Treatment of Lateral Epicondylitis (Tennis Elbow)”, “Preformed Gravitational Factor and Electromagnetic Processes and Phenomena in and Around the Human Body in Dr. Kanev's Healing Method: Relevance and Perspectives of Physiotherapy and Space Medicine”.

Section 8

Dr. Kanev's classification of the types of operational configurations (complexes) for the medical use of Earth’s gravity and gravity levels in microgravity and hyper gravity. The methodological and technological classification gives an idea of

• Arrangement and systematization of the medical use of Earth’s gravity and the gravity levels in microgravity and hyper gravity.
• Practical development of Dr. Kanev's method from a method of treating ground pathology into a method of complex restoration of physical fitness in astronauts.
• Treatment of diseases and post-traumatic conditions of astronauts in ground conditions and in space.

The classification is compiled according to: 1- the ranges of variant manifestations of the conceptual, preformed, gravitational, physical, physiotherapeutic factor – on the whole body or on part of it; 2- the ways of creating the variant GPF manifestations - i.e. according to the selection and use of the characteristic technologies for reforming each variant manifestation; 3- the specific engineering, technical, and design solutions used for these variant manifestations.

The classification of the types of operational configurations (complexes) consists of main sections that correspond to the range of the different variant manifestations of GPF in relation to the body of the treated human organism.

?/ Operational configurations in variant manifestations of the preformed, gravitational factor on the entire human body, and which are created through Physiotherapy, electromagnetic weightlessness and gravity simulators – analogous to the ground microgravity model – “Head down bed rest (HDBR)”.

Figure 1: From Dr. Kanev's photo archive: Medium-size physiotherapy electromagnetic weightlessness and gravity simulator 03, developed and manufactured by “Synergetic Intellectual Systems – SIS – Kanevi and Co” Company.

Figure 2: From Dr. Kanev's photo archive: Large physiotherapy electromagnetic weightlessness and gravity simulator 08, developed and manufactured by “Synergetic Intellectual Systems – SIS – Kanevi and Co” Company.

Figure 3: From Dr. Kanev's photo archive: Large physiotherapy electromagnetic weightlessness and gravity simulator 09, developed and manufactured by “Synergetic Intellectual Systems – SIS – Kanevi and Co” Company.

Figure 4: From Dr. Kanev's photo archive: Physiotherapy magnetic weightlessness and gravity stimulator 10 with permanent spirally rotating magnetic disks around the patient and simultaneous central axial rotation of these magnetic disks, mechanical and mechanized bed module available in the form of a capsule, with an option of automated movement along the transverse and longitudinal axis of the patient's body, developed and manufactured by “Synergetic Intellectual Systems – SIS – Kanevi and Co” Company.

Upcoming use of physiotherapy, electromagnetic microgravity simulators, consistent with Dr. Kanev’s method, including devices and facilities analogous to the ground microgravity model – "Dry Immersion (DI)". The currently existing devices and facilities for the dry immersion model can only serve as prototypes of mechanical modules of the entire physiotherapy simulators. As a first step, the portable device in s. C below or its electromagnetic inductors can be added to the available existing devices [7].

Upcoming use of physiotherapy, electromagnetic artificial gravity simulators, consistent with Dr. Kanev’s method, including devices and facilities analogous to the ground artificial gravity models, as human centrifuges “Short Arm Human Centrifuge (SAHC)” for example. The currently existing devices and facilities for human centrifugation can only serve as prototypes of mechanical modules of the entire physiotherapy simulators. As a first step, the portable device in s. C below or its electromagnetic inductors can be added to the available existing devices [8,9].

B/ Operational configurations in variant manifestations of the preformed, gravitational factorirectly on a limited area of the human body, and which are created through Physiotherapeutic, electromagnetic devices for intermittent occlusion and reperfusion of the peripheral circulation (which is a physiological anti-gravity phenomenon) – for example, on the upper and lower limbs of the human body.

Figure 5: From Dr. Kanev's photo archive: A model of the above-described physiotherapy device and technology of using anti-gravity phenomena in the organism according to Dr. Kanev's method of treatment in knee joint algodistrophy.

Upcoming use of a physiotherapy device, consistent with Dr. Kanev's method, including the lower body negative pressure device. The article “Lower Body Negative Pressure for Artificial Gravity in Spa?e” by the authors Kristine T. Khieu and Lonnie G. Petersen & Alan R. Hargens describes their lower body negative pressure device (LBNP), which can only serve as a prototype of a mechanical module of the entire physiotherapy device. As a first step, the portable device in s. C below or its electromagnetic inductors can be added to the available existing devices (LBNP) [10].

Upcoming use of a physiotherapy device, consistent with Dr. Kanev's method, including the lower body positive pressure device. The article “Reduced Gravity by Lower Body Positive Pressure” by the authors Lonnie G. Petersen, Kiyotaka Kamibayashi ? Yoshinobu Ohira & Alan R. Hargens describes their lower body positive pressure device (LBPP), which can only serve as a prototype of a mechanical module of the entire physiotherapy device. As a first step, the portable device in s. C below or its electromagnetic inductors can be added to the available existing devices (LBPP) [11, 12].

Upcoming use of a physiotherapy device, consistent with Dr. Kanev's method, including the "Vacuum Suit" device. For example Chinese Space Agency's version of a vacuum suit - by doing squats, the astronaut pumps the device up and down, creating his own vacuum. The vacuum suit can only serve as a prototype of the mechanical module of the entire physiotherapy device. As a first step, the portable device in s. C below or its electromagnetic inductors can be added to the available, existing "Vacuum Suit" devices.

C/ Operational configurations in variant manifestations of the preformed, gravitational factor, which are created by combining the devices and technologies in the previous sections.

D/ Operational configurations in variant manifestations of the preformed, gravitational factor, which are designed for universal application - alone or in various types of operational configurations and combinations thereof

Figure 6: From Dr. Kanev's photo archive: A portable physiotherapy electromagnetic device for body-educational treatment and healing, developed and manufactured by “Synergetic Intellectual Systems – SIS – Kanevi and Co” Company – a complete battery-powered kit. This device has the possibilities to be combined with the devices for simulated weightlessness and artificial gravity, already described in this classification.

Figure 7:  From Dr. Kanev's photo archive: Electromagnetic inductors for the whole body. The structure connecting them may have a different number of pairs and length. There are seven pairs of inductors here. There might be one, two, three, four, five, six or seven pairs. There is a metal supporting structure attached to the pairs. It adapts the inductors to the human body.

Figure 8: From Dr. Kanev's photo archive: Electromagnetic inductors for limbs. Wooden supporting structure. Variable width of limb space.

Figure 9: From Dr. Kanev's photo archive:Universal electromagnetic inductors/coils—a pair. It is mechanically attached to the body with self-adhesive Velcro.

E/ Other operational configurations in other variant manifestations of the preformed gravity factor.

Section 9

The classification of the types of operational configurations outlines more specifically the RELEVANCE AND PERSPECTIVES of the medical use of Earth’s gravity and the gravity levels in microgravity and hyper gravity. This medical use is possible due to the interaction between the methodological fields of physiotherapy and space medicine

The briefly explained treatment by the physiotherapy weightlessness and artificial gravity simulators are clinically highly effective (proved by completed medical research) in: Treatment and recovery of injuries and diseases of the musculoskeletal system: algodystrophy of the knee joint and the elbow, including tennis elbow – conditions after bone fractures, ruptures of ligaments of the knee, meniscal lesions, contractures post immobilization and other injuries or diseases (for example radiculopathies), muscle hypotrophy of three instances: post immobilization, neurogenetic and miscellaneous; benign hypertrophy of the prostate gland.

For some diseases and conditions, only partial observations have been made and full studies are pending, for example orthostatic intolerance and spatial disorientation; vertigo syndrome in cerebrovascular insufficiency; ovarian, hormonal dysmenorrhea and others.

Using the results of the research, listed so far, the deconditioning states in the neurovestibular, cardiovascular, ocular, musculoskeletal, bone metabolic, hematological and immunological, and central nervous systems, as well as early adaptation to microgravity and early readaptation to the ground 1 G state in space and aeronautical medicine can be influenced favorably.

Section 10

Medical use of Earth's gravity and gravity levels in microgravity and hyper gravity according to Dr. Kanev's method. Contribution of the unified technology of the body-training, homeostasis-based healing method in the complex restoration of the physical fitness of astronauts to the currently adopted and existing technologies and methods in space medicine:

• Medical use of Earth's gravity and gravity levels in microgravity and hyper gravity, by selecting a specific type of operating configuration or through appropriate combinations thereof.
• Ability to make maximum use of the experience gained so far as to restore the fitness astronauts.
• Increasing opportunities for standardization of activities to restore the physical fitness of astronauts.

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

The activities of the scientific, medical, technical developments and manufacturing of specialized medical, physiotherapy devices, apparatus, and physiotherapy weightlessness and gravity simulators are fully and completely organized, financed, operated, technically serviced and supported personally by Dr. Kanev, majority owner, founder and permanent manager of “Synergetic Intellectual Systems – SIS – Kanevi and Co” Company.

In confirmation of the above, I will point out one of the prestigious achievements of Dr. Kanev: For his outstanding invention in the field of synergistic evolution and its application in medicine, in November 1998 its author, Dr. Genko Marinov Kanev, was awarded a GOLD MEDAL and a certificate by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) based in Geneva, Switzerland.

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