Unveiling the Globalization-Driven Migration of RMG Workers in Bangladesh: A Qualitative Review

Ullah ASMA

Published on: 2024-05-18

Abstract

In the 1980s, despite the promise of equalising trade and incomes between developed and developing countries, globalisation primarily served the interests of Western and European capitalists and corporations. Since the 1980s, Bangladesh, as a developing country, has embraced the macro-economic policies of globalisation and neoliberalism. Due to extensive foreign direct investment, Bangladesh's Ready-made Garment (RMG) industry has become one of the leading informal manufacturing sectors of the national economy. To keep RMG factories running, millions of primarily young women have migrated from rural areas, especially low-skilled and relatively low-educated women. Many owners place profit above the welfare of their employees and disregard labour laws and human rights regulations. These workers are subject to exploitation, lack of safety measures, inadequate facilities, and limited access to housing, education and health care. This article examines the socioeconomic conditions of RMG workers in Bangladesh and the impact of globalisation on urban migration. This research has significant policy implications for Bangladesh's RMG workers and urbanisation.