Vector Bionomic Of Culex Species in Possible Japanese Encephalitis Transmitted Areas of Ein-Me Township, Ayayawady Region in Myanmar
Xun L, Thaung S, Tun T, Min Oo SZ, Linn NYY, Tin O, Wai KT , Maung YNM and Htun ZT
Published on: 2024-05-31
Abstract
Japanese encephalitis is a public health problem in many parts of Myanmar. The diseases are transmitted to humans by the biting of vector mosquitoes. The study was conducted in JE suspected cases occurred in villages ThaPhan Pinseit and ThaPyu Pinseit villages in ThaPhan Pinseit RHC and PaukGone and SarPhyusu villages in PaukGone village in PaukGone RHC from Ayeyawady Region were selected for JE vector surveillance from December 2023 to March 2024. 50 houses for the pigs were randomly selected from each village. Mosquitoes were collected in all selected houses and pig farms using WHO sucking tubes. Larvae were collected in and around a 1-kilometer radius from the study sites. The result found that JE main vector Cx. tritaeniorhynchus was abundantly collected in all study villages, and the highest number of vectors, Cx. Tritaeniorhynchus, was collected from SarPhyusu village (2284), followed by ThaPyu Pinseit (1890), and the lowest number of main vectors was collected in ThaPhan Pinseit village (1268). In the overall collected mosquitoes, the highest density was found in 74.18% of the main vector Cx. Tritaeniorhynchus, followed by the suspected vector Cx. Vishnui 10.04%, and the lowest density was observed in Mansonia and An. vagus 0.33% each. Peak biting time of main vector Cx. tritaeniorhynchus was found 9-10 pm. suspected vector Cx. vishnui was also collected in high numbers in all villages. Nine species of mosquitoes were collected from the study villages. Of this, only four species of An. hyrcanus, An. barbirostris, An. vagus and An. tesellatus were collected. These Anopheles species were available in PaukGone and SarPhyusu villages. Anopheles hyrcanus was collected from all villages. Culex tritaeniorhynchus larvae were abundantly collected from rice fields, polluted water pools and stagnant water pools with plenty of hyacinth plants and also larvae were collected in concrete jars, Bago jars and metal drums of water which water was stored for fire water. High density of main vector and suspected vector were collected in all JE suspected villages, pig farms, pigs, and breeding sources of vector mosquitoes were available in the villages and also JE suspected cases are available in the all villages. This study provides information of high collection of main vector adults and larvae on risk of further transmission in the study areas. Environmental and ecological factors are responsible for the spread of JE virus. Therefore, awareness of community to vector borne disease control activities and health education for all family members should be strengthened to prevent JE transmission in the villages.