Meaningful 4 Factors in Holistic Medicine Similar to Psychosomatic Medicine and Hinohara-Ism

Bando H, Yoshioka A, Bando M and Nishikiori Y

Published on: 2026-02-20

Abstract

Historically speaking, medicine has developed based on René Descartes's mind-body dualism. In contrast, the concept of monism has been found in psychosomatic medicine, Hinohara-ism and holistic medicine. Hinohara-ism reflects clinical experience, ethical values, altruism, hard work, and a sense of community. Holistic medicine has some characteristic aspects for growing model, patient-centered, care with cure and narrative-based medicine. It includes 4 main factors as mind, spirit, body and society, associated with spiritual fulfillment, physical health, social connections and emotional well-being. Future themes include integration of quantitative and qualitative research, standardization of outcome indicators, and systematic introduction into health care education.