Mapping and Quantifying of Groundwater Quality and Depth of Sher Kira Using a GIS Approach

Khan MI, Khan MA and Waseem M

Published on: 2025-11-28

Abstract

This research focuses on analyzing the quality and depth of groundwater in Sher Kira using Geographic Information System (GIS). Groundwater quality plays a crucial role in the sustainability of human health and regional ecosystems. The rising pollution of groundwater due to human activities has raised significant concerns, particularly in urban and suburban areas such as Sher Kira. The methodology involved collection of groundwater samples from 25 distinct sites in Sher Kira, laboratory analysis for physicochemical parameters, and spatial interpolation using ArcGIS. Parameters such as pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Alkalinity, Chlorides, Hardness, and Conductivity were evaluated against international and national standards. The study generated groundwater quality maps to identify contamination hotspots and depth variations across the region. The results revealed that although several sampling sites exhibited alkalinity levels exceeding the permissible limits, posing potential health risks to local communities, most of the other water quality parameters including turbidity, pH, and hardness, remained within the standards prescribed by the World Health Organization (WHO). These findings highlight the critical need for regular groundwater monitoring and the implementation of sustainable water resource management practices in rural areas such as Sher Kira.