Mental Pathways to Pain Relief: A Review of Psychological Interventions for Chronic Pain

Evan Bose

Published on: 2024-08-16

Abstract

This review synthesizes findings from approximately 20 studies exploring psychological interventions for chronic pain management. It examines the relationship between chronic pain and various therapeutic approaches, focusing on key psychological factors such as pain perception, emotional regulation, and coping strategies. The biopsychosocial model serves as the theoretical framework, emphasizing the significance of psychological interventions like cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT), mindfulness-based therapy, and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT). The review highlights the positive impact of these therapies on neurobiological mechanisms associated with pain, including alterations in brain regions responsible for pain perception and emotional processing. Moreover, it discusses the role of psychology in addressing maladaptive cognitive and behavioural responses to pain, fostering self-management, and improving overall well-being. Consistent findings across studies demonstrate that multidisciplinary approaches integrating psychological therapies with physical rehabilitation effectively reduce pain intensity and disability. The review underlines the necessity of personalized treatment plans to account for individual differences in treatment response and concurrent mental health conditions. It also addresses limitations, such as accessibility issues and the need for broader outcome measures in clinical trials. Future research directions include investigating the opioid-sparing effects of psychological therapies and enhancing intervention efficacy through innovative methodologies. By advancing our understanding of the interplay between psychological factors and chronic pain, this review provides a comprehensive foundation for improving treatment strategies and enhancing the quality of life for individuals with chronic pain.