Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Bacteria Isolated from Poultry Birds within Anyigba, Kogi State

Akoh PO, Zakari DA, Bello KE, Roseline AO, Raji RO, Olorunmowaju AI and Danjuma SY

Published on: 2023-12-06

Abstract

Poultry meats and their products are among the most widely consumed foods in the world, and they serve as a protein source. In spite of these benefits, they also serve as potential sources for the transmission of food-borne pathogens to humans. This study was carried out to determine the susceptibility pattern of bacteria isolated from the cloaca and oropharyngea of poultry birds.A total of 25 poultry birds were sampled from five different poultry farms in Anyigba, Kogi State. The bacteria isolated from the cloaca and oropharyngea of the poultry birds were identified based on the morphological characteristics, Gram reaction, and biochemical characteristics of the isolates, and they include Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Bacillus sp., Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., and Escherichia coli. The highest percentage of occurrence in the cloaca samples was observed in Streptococcus spp. (32.2%), while Staphylococcus spp. and E. coli had the least percentage of occurrence at 12.9%. Shigella spp. had the highest percentage occurrence of 25.9%, while the least percentage was observed in Escherichia coli (7.4%) in the oropharyngea sample. Susceptibility studies carried out revealed Shigella spp. and Salmonella spp. were 80% resistant among the Gram-negative isolates, while Streptococcus spp. had the highest resistance (70%) among the Gram-positive isolates. The presence of potentially pathogenic bacteria, which are usually of public health significance, and the development of resistance to antibiotics can be attributed to long-term usage of antibiotics as therapeutics and growth promoters. Hence, the inappropriate use of antibiotics needs to be addressed.