Concurrent Outbreak of Peste des Petits Ruminants and Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia in Goats in Jarar and Doollo Zones, Somali Region, Ethiopia: A Case Report

Mohomed AA, Hassan YY, Muhumed AA, Abdiwahab AM and Rafle AA

Published on: 2025-04-18

Abstract

Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) and Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia (CCPP) are highly infectious diseases significantly affecting goat populations in Ethiopia, particularly in pastoral regions. In February 2025, a concurrent outbreak of PPR and CCPP was reported in the Jarar and Doollo Zones of the Somali Region, prompting an urgent veterinary investigation. Clinical observations, laboratory diagnostics, and epidemiological assessments were conducted on 160 infected goats from Ararso, Dig, Warder, Bokh, and Galadi districts. Laboratory tests confirmed PPR in 9 goats and CCPP in 10 goats. Clinical manifestations included high fever, mucopurulent nasal discharge, oral ulcers, diarrhea, and respiratory distress for PPR, while CCPP-affected goats exhibited severe coughing, pleural exudates, dehydration, and sudden mortality. The outbreak resulted in over 25% mortality within the first week, severely impacting local pastoral livelihoods. Poor vaccination coverage and unrestricted animal movement contributed to rapid disease spread. Immediate interventions, including antibiotic treatment, supportive care, vaccination campaigns, and movement restrictions, were implemented. This case highlights the need for enhanced disease surveillance, improved vaccine accessibility, and increased awareness among pastoralists to mitigate future outbreaks and safeguard livestock-dependent communities.