Prevalence of Bovine Sub-Clinical Mastitis, Its Associated Risk Factors and Isolation of Klebsiella Pnemoniea from Mastitic Milk in and Around Haramaya Town, Eastern Hararghe Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia

Dahesa GD

Published on: 2025-04-17

Abstract

Subclinical mastitis no visible signs are seen either on the udder or in the milk in, but the milk production decreases and the somatic cell count increases. A cross-sectional study was carried out from January 2024 to December 2024 to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of bovine subclinical mastitis, to isolate and identify klebsiella pneumoniae from mastitic milk in and around Haramaya town, Eastern Hararghe Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. California Mastitis Test (CMT) was used for screening subclinical mastitis. Bacterial culture and biochemical tests were employed to identify the K. pneumoniae. Overall prevalence of subclinical mastitis at cow and quarter levels were 48.75% and 28.1%, respectively and 2.7% of the quarters were blind. From mastitis-positive milk samples 9.5% of K. pneumoniae were isolated. The present study showed that, breed, parity, hygiene condition of cow and house floar were the risk factor associated with the sub-clinical mastitis and hence, it was statistically significant (p < 0.05). At the present research site, three breeds of cows were considered and examined at lactating dairy farm levels. The highest prevalence of subclinical mastitis was recorded in HF (73.9%) breeds, followed by cross breed (43.9%) and local (38%) breeds. The highest prevalence of subclinical mastitis was recorded in poor hygiene condition (64.5%), followed by good (36.3%). Moreover, the odds of cows being infected by subclinical mastitis was 3.39 times higher in cows poor hygiene condition, (95% CI: 1.95-5.91). The current study showed moderate prevance of subclinical mastitis in study area. The study area was found to be susceptible to subclinical mastitis due to a lack of strategic control measures, inadequate attention to mammary gland health, and a lack of strict hygiene, a sanitary environment and a clean bedding floor.