Abstract

Menopause is defined when a woman has not had a period for 12 consecutive months. Adopt an individualized approach at all stages of diagnosis, investigation and management of menopause. Do not use lab& imaging tests to diagnose perimenopause or menopause in women over 45 y. Consider using a FSH test to diagnose menopause only in women aged: 40 to 45 y with menopausal symptoms, including a change in their menstrual cycle & under 40 y in whom menopause is suspected. Give information to menopausal a woman that includes: An explanation of the stages of menopause, Common symptoms & diagnosis, Lifestyle changes & interventions that could help general health & wellbeing, Benefits & risks of treatment for menopausal symptoms & Long- term health implications of menopause. Explain to women that they may experience a variety of symptoms associated with menopause, including: vasomotor symptoms: hot flushes and sweats, Musculoskeletal symptoms: joint& muscle pain, Effects on mood: low mood, Urogenital symptoms: vaginal dryness & Sexual difficulties: low sexual desire. Give information to menopausal women about the following types of treatment for menopausal symptoms: Hormonal, for example HRT, Non-hormonal, for example clonidine, non- pharmaceutical, for example cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Give information on menopause in different ways to help encourage women to discuss their symptoms& needs. Give information about contraception to women who are in the perimenopausal& postmenopausal phase. Offer women who are likely to go through menopause as a result of medical or surgical treatment Support & Information about menopause & fertility before they have their treatment.

Keywords

Women, Hormonal, menopausal