Investigating the Dynamics of Single and Dual Infection of Schistosoma Species: A Mathematical Modelling Perspective
Obeng-Forson F, Agana F and Ohene-Ayeh W
Published on: 2023-08-05
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a prevalent parasitic disease that poses significant challenges to effective control measures, particularly in the presence of dual infections. This paper presents a study that aims to investigate the underlying mechanisms of schistosomiasis transmission through mathematical modeling, focusing on the dynamics of both single and dual infections, as well as the interaction between different species or strains of Schistosoma parasites. Sensitivity analysis of the basic reproduction number,????0, reveals the substantial influence of parameters such as ???????????? and ???????? on disease transmission. The findings highlight the crucial need for comprehensive management strategies that address the complexities of dual infections and target influential parameters to effectively reduce disease transmission and mitigate the impact of schistosomiasis in endemic areas.
Keywords
Schistosomiasis; Schistosoma mansoni; Schistosoma haematobium; Dual infection; Single infectionIntroduction
Schistosomiasis, commonly referred to as bilharzia, is an infectious disease brought about by parasitic trematode worms belonging to the genus Schistosoma Ferdinard Obeng-Forson [1]. These worms reside within the blood vessels of the human body, leading to various health complications. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), schistosomiasis remains a significant global health concern, with nearly 240 million people requiring preventive Chemotherapy [2]. More than 90 percent of these cases are reported in sub-Saharan Africa [2]. Schistosomiasis affects a substantial number of individuals worldwide, with an estimated 290.8 million people infected [3]. Approximately 85 percent of these cases are concentrated in underdeveloped regions of Africa, leading to a staggering annual death toll of around 15,000 [4]. Particularly alarming is the impact on children under the age of 14, who are disproportionately affected by schistosomiasis infection in numerous parts of the world [5].