A Few Words about Colorectal Cancer

Sinisa Franjic and

Published on: 2021-07-02

Abstract

Colorectal cancer most often results from the transformation of an adenomatous polyp. In 80% of cases it is sporadic, and in 20% it has a hereditary component. Predisposing factors are chronic ulcerative colitis and granulomatous colitis, and the risk of developing cancer increases with the duration of the disorder. The population with a high incidence of colorectal cancer is on a diet low in fiber and rich in animal proteins, fats and refined carbohydrates. Carcinogens can be ingested through food, but are more likely to be caused by bacteria acting on nutrients or bile and intestinal secretions. Colorectal cancer spreads directly through the intestinal wall, hematogenously, regional lymph nodes, perineurally, and intraluminally. Colorectal cancer is a disease that results in the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells originating from the colon or rectum. These cells possess the ability to continuously accelerate reproduction, resulting in the invasion of normal surrounding tissue structures or disintegration into distant organs via blood or lymph. If colorectal cancer is recognized and treated at an early stage, while the tumor is localized in the gastrointestinal tract, the cure rate is very high. When the cancer penetrates the outer wall of the intestine and affects the lymph nodes, the situation becomes significantly more complicated.