Influence of Vitamin D Deficiency in Implantology: A Literature Review

Pires IT, Lourenco CD, Picinini SL and Oliveira GR

Published on: 2019-11-30

Abstract

Introduction: Long-term stable Osseo integrated dental implants are the main goal of implant dentistry. Although proven to be reliable in the long term, failures at an early stage of Osseo integration have been described. The search to identify the mechanisms that lead to early implant failure is constantly evolving, it is hypothesized that vitamin D insufficiency affects the Osseo integration of titanium implants.

Purpose: To evaluate through review of the literature the interference of vitamin D deficiency and failure of dental implants.

Materials and Methods: The most relevant studies originally published in English, with reference to the PUBMED database were analyzed. The search strategy used the following keyword combinations: ("dental implants") AND ("vitamin D") AND ("implant failure") OR ("osseointegration") in the PUBMED database. We included studies on the symptoms related to the theme, that is, the articles that relate implantology to the vitamin D.

Outcomes: We found 14 articles; however, 7 articles were selected in the inclusion and exclusion criteria of this study. All studies were performed, reported, successfully performed and / or failed dental implant associated with vitamin D supplementation and / or vitamin deficiency.

Conclusion: Deficient levels of vitamin D may be a risk factor for failure in osseointegration of dental implants, but it is still not a contraindication for treatment since there is still a lack of evidence on the subject. Osteointegration or osseointegration is the stable and functional union between bone and a titanium surface. This phenomenon occurs after the insertion of titanium piece inside the bone and the migration of bone cells to the surface of this metal.