Ophthalmological Disorders in Patients with Down syndrome, Dr. Robert Reid Cabral Pediatric Hospital, and January 2019–December 2024

Morales Gonzalez MC, Eusebio Ozuna A, Cruz De la Rosa H and Franco Guzman SG

Published on: 2025-05-22

Abstract

Ophthalmologic alterations are present in 85% of patients with Down syndrome. Objective: To describe the ophthalmologic alterations presented by patients with Down syndrome seen in the genetics unit of the Dr. Robert Reid Cabral Pediatric Hospital, January 2019- December 2024.

Type of Study: A descriptive observational retrospective cross-sectional study. 

Method: The data was obtained by reviewing the clinical records of previously diagnosed patients. The study population was 309 patients, obtaining a probability sample of 265 patients who met the inclusion criteria. The data collection technique used by the investigators was a digital data recording form containing the variables.

Results: The maternal age that obtained the highest frequency was in women between 36 and 40 years old, representing 27%. The main age of diagnosis was between 0 and 2 years, corresponding to 91%. The most prevalent sex was male (59%). The most frequent clinical manifestations were oblique palpebral fissure present in 76.6% of the patients, followed by epicanthus 58.9% and hypertelorism in 49.1%. The clinical history was used in 98.5% of patients to make the diagnosis. In the treatment 62.3% of the patients presented morphological alterations that although they produced dysmorphic features at facial level did not require any treatment and 31.3% did not receive any specific treatment.