Unlocking the Potentials of Agroforestry Based On Oil Palm Plantation for Eco-Tourism Destination

Judijanto L

Published on: 2025-07-16

Abstract

The ecological degradation and socio-economic limitations of monoculture oil palm plantations have prompted the search for sustainable land-use alternatives that align with biodiversity conservation and rural development. One such strategy is the integration of agroforestry systems within oil palm landscapes to support the emergence of eco-tourism destinations in tropical regions. This study aims to explore the multidimensional potential of agroforestry practices based on oil palm plantations as a foundation for developing eco-tourism. Employing a qualitative approach through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), this research follows the PRISMA protocol to ensure methodological transparency and replicability. Data were collected from the Science Direct database using refined keyword combinations involving “agroforestry,” “oil palm,” and “eco-tourism.” A total of 1,269 articles were initially identified, narrowed down to 44 peer-reviewed research articles published between 2023 and 2025, based on criteria such as relevance, open access, and article type. Thematic analysis was used to synthesise findings across ecological, socio-economic, and spatial domains. The results reveal that integrating agroforestry in oil palm systems enhances biodiversity, increases carbon sequestration, and improves soil health, thereby strengthening the ecological foundation for nature-based tourism. It also supports community empowerment through diversified income, local participation, and cultural revitalisation. Spatially, agroforestry contributes to multifunctional land use, enabling recreational and educational tourism zones. In conclusion, agroforestry holds substantial promise in transforming oil palm landscapes into sustainable eco-tourism destinations. Further research should focus on spatial modelling, policy integration, and long-term economic viability.